Garlin Murl Conner - Medal of Honor
Born in 1919 and raised in rural Kentucky, Murl’s formal education ended at the 8th grade. When World War II started, he was of prime military age and was enlisted on March 1st, 1941. Four of his brothers also served during the war.
Assigned to Company K, 3rd Battalion, 7th Infantry Regiment (part of the 3rd Infantry Division), he underwent basic training with his unit at Fort Lewis in Washington. From there, the division was sent to Camp Ord, California and then Fort Pickett, Virginia.
The division left the US, headed for Europe in October, 1942. Participating in the invasion of French North Africa, Conner took part in a total of four amphibious landings through eight campaigns as the division helped conquer North Africa and moved up into Italy and then France.
After fighting to take Sicily, the 7th Infantry landed at Salerno on mainland Italy on September 18, 1943. By now holding the rank of Sergeant, Conner was a communications sergeant. In October, 1943 his unit was caught by a heavy German counter attack. He noticed a group of American men who had become separated from the Allied line of battle. Without the help of their platoon, these men were under withering fire as the Germans looked for a spot to push through the American line.
Conner, leaving a position of relative safety as a communications NCO, went of his own accord to where these embattled men were. With total disregard for his own safety he ran into the heavy enemy fire to begin directing the men. He rendered first aid to the wounded while giving orders to those still standing and allowed the men to hold against the enemy assault.
For his heroics that day, Conner was given the Silver Star.
Just a few months later, still in Italy, this time near Ponte Rotto, Italy, Murl would again distinguish himself in battle. On January 30, 1944, having been promoted to Technical Sergeant two weeks prior, Conner organized an assault group to take a strongly fortified enemy house.
This particular house had already wounded four GIs and was known to be manned by enemy soldiers equipped with machine guns and machine pistols. The house needed to be taken as it was blocking an attack being made by the rest of Company K.
Conner enlisted a bazooka team and two rifle grenadiers. Leading these men across 50 years of exposed terrain he began to openly direct the fire of his assault team. His direction of fire was so accurate that at 25 yards out from the house they had silenced one machine gun and two machine pistols and sent a fourth weapons team running.
Thanks to his daring and calm leadership under fire, the company was able to continue their advance unhindered. Conner received his second Silver Star for that day. A few weeks later he’d receive his first Purple Heart for wounds sustained in combat on March 6, 1944.
In June, 1944 his obvious leadership traits would be recognized with a battlefield commission. He remained with Company K after being made a second lieutenant.
The 3rd Infantry Division pushed up through Italy and drove the Germans back into occupied France. The 3rd ID then landed on the French Riviera as part of Operation Dragoon starting August 15, 1944. During fighting in August he was again wounded, receiving a second Purple Heart.
On September 11th, Conner and Company K were taken under heavy enemy fire. Shells exploding as close as 10 yards away didn’t deter Conner though. Despite losing six men early and later losing three to the heavy shell fire, Conner continued to advance, inspiring his men to continue their advance.
Once they had got about 300 yards away from the enemy positions, Conner crawled forward through enemy fire that repeatedly nearly struck him, for a further 250 yards. He was now close enough to see the enemy positions. Crawling back to his men, he led them along a covered route to behind the enemy lines.
Conner then led his men on a surprise attack from the enemy’s rear. The surprise attack took out a machine gun, two mortars, killed three of the enemy, captured seven more, and caused the remaining enemy troops to flee.
Conner received a third Silver Star for this. He also earned a third Purple Heart.
Promoted to first lieutenant just before the turn of the new year, the 7th Infantry continued its push through France. In the early hours of January 24, 1945 Conner was near the town of Houssen, France when they were ferociously attacked by 600 enemy troops, supported by six tanks and tank destroyers.
Having just returned to his unit after being wounded in September and being promoted to first lieutenant while away, he was acting as intelligence officer at 3rd Battalion, 7th Infantry in the command post when the attack began. Recognizing that the tanks would destroy his infantry unit he volunteered to move forward to call in artillery strikes on the enemy armor.
With a spool of telephone wire and field phone in hand he ran headlong into the thrust of the enemy assault. Over 400 yards of terrain targeted by enemy artillery, with trees exploding around him and shrapnel raining down, he reached the American front line.
Still unable to see the enemy positions to his satisfaction, he moved another 30 yards past the defensive line and into a shallow ditch. The ditch offering minimal protection from the advancing enemy heavy machine gun and small arms fire, Conner took to the field phone and calmly directed fire missions.
With enemy rounds impacting all around him, the enemy continued to advance. Murl called in the artillery strikes closer and closer, until they were coming down danger close.
Eventually the enemy attack stopped as they were brought under American artillery fire. The enemy took shelter behind a dike. For three hours Conner would lie prone in that nearly exposed position, subjected to repeated and near constant enemy fire.
The enemy eventually regrouped. Conner could see that they were massing for an overwhelming assault. As they closed to within five yards of his position, Conner ordered American artillery down on his position, resolving himself to die to stop the advance.
Having asked friendly artillery to blanket his position, the shells rained down and exploded all around him. Through all this Conner somehow maintained his composure and continued to call down fire on his position, now fully being swarmed by the German assault.
The enemy finally broke off their attack, unable to get through the artillery Conner was calling in on himself. The artillery he called in was estimated to have killed 50 enemy soldiers and wounding a hundred more.
Conner would receive the Distinguished Service Cross for his performance that day.
Not done with wartime heroics yet, on February 3, 1945 Conner took command of a disorganized and heavily battered rifle company. He led these men on an assault covering 200 yards of enemy targeted ground.
As bullets struck around him, he charged forward. His men following him, Conner’s “grim ferocity” (as the award citation reads) took the enemy aback, shattering their morale. He closed with the enemy forces and led his men in hand-to-hand fighting. He and his men killed 12 and captured 75, eviscerating the enemy resistance in the town.
Conner received his fourth Silver Star for that. Just a week after his actions for this day, he was personally presented the Distinguished Service Cross by Lieutenant General Alexander Patch, the commander of the US Seventh Army on February 10th.
After all of that and 28 months in theater, the Army must have thought he’d done his share. He was rotated back to the States in March, 1945 and discharged June 22nd, 1945.
He was given a hero’s welcome upon returning home in May, 1945. Sergeant Alvin York who lived nearby in Tennessee was a guest speaker. This led to a lifelong friendship between the two heroic men. During this event Conner gave a frank report to the assembled citizens on the war in Europe. By all accounts it was the last time he openly talked about the war.
He soon met a young lady, Pauline Lyda Wells. After a week long courtship they married. They lived on a farm with no electricity or running water and worked the farm with horses and mules. He had one son, one grandson, and three granddaughters. Despite being considered 80% disabled due to his war wounds, he continued farming and for 17 years served as president of the Clinton County (Kentucky) Farm Bureau. Conner was active with veteran service organizations like the Disabled American Veterans and the Paralyzed Veterans of America. Despite his own disabilities he continued to help his comrades and would travel to nearby counties to help vets file benefits claims.
Murl Conner died in 1998. In the decades between the war and his death he found peace in farming. He never talked about the war, even with fellow soldiers or his wife. Humble to a fault, once word started to spread of what he’d done in the war (and how his bravery compared to the much more famous Audie Murphy), people were surprised. When his son, as a boy, would ask his dad about the war he’d say "We went over there, we did what we had to do, and it needs to stay over there." He’d give similarly terse replies when friends and neighbors asked.
Starting in 1996, there was a concerted and continuous effort to have Conner’s Distinguished Service Cross upgraded to the Medal of Honor. Comparisons were made to Audie Murphy’s famous Medal of Honor earning actions where he held off a similarly large German advance single-handedly. Murphy’s actions were just two days after Conners, and both men were a part of the 3rd Infantry Division.
Over the course of the next two decades Conner’s supporters, led by his widow Pauline, fought the Army, even going to court, to try and get the award upgraded. With sworn testimony of eyewitnesses crediting Conner with saving the battalion that day, the award remained. His former commander had this to say:
There is no doubt that Lt. Conner should have been awarded the Medal of Honor for his actions. One of the most disappointing regrets of my career is not having the Medal of Honor awarded to the most outstanding soldier I've ever had the privilege of commanding.
— Maj. Gen. Lloyd B. Ramsey, Ret.
Despite all this, the award was denied him until finally in October of 2015, a federal appeals court ordered Conner’s supporters and the Army’s Board of Correction to mediation. This resulted in the award upgrade being a part of the National Defense Authorization Act for 2018, which was signed by President Trump. Trump then presented the medal to Conner’s widow on June 26, 2018.
Medal of Honor
AWARDED FOR ACTIONS
DURING World War II
Service: Army
Battalion: 3d Battalion
Division: 3d Infantry Division
GENERAL ORDERS:
Presented to his widow by President Donald Trump on June 26, 2018
The President of the United States of America, in the name of Congress, takes pride in presenting the Medal of Honor (Posthumously) to First Lieutenant Garlin Murl Conner for acts of gallantry and intrepidity while serving with Company K, 3d Battalion, 7th Infantry Regiment, 3d Infantry Division. On the morning of January 24, 1945, near the town of Houssen, France, German forces ferociously counterattacked the front left flank of the 7th Infantry Regiment with 600 infantry troops, six Mark VI tanks, and tank destroyers. Lieutenant Conner, having recently returned to his unit after recovering from a wound received in an earlier battle, was working as the Intelligence Officer in the 3d Battalion Command Post at the time of the attack. Understanding the devastating effect that the advancing enemy armor could have on the Battalion, Lieutenant Conner immediately volunteered to run straight into the heart of the enemy assault to get to a position from which he could direct friendly artillery on the advancing enemy forces. With complete disregard for his own safety, Lieutenant Conner maneuvered 400 yards through enemy artillery fire that destroyed trees in his path and rained shrapnel all around him, while unrolling telephone wire needed to communicate with the Battalion command post. Upon reaching the Battalion's front line, he continued to move forward under the enemy assault to a position 30 yards in front of the defending United States forces, where he plunged into a shallow ditch that provided minimal protection from the advancing enemy's heavy machine gun and small arms fire. With rounds impacting all around him, Lieutenant Conner calmly directed multiple fire missions, adjusting round after round of artillery from his prone position, until the enemy was forced to halt its advance and seek cover behind a nearby dike. For three hours, Lieutenant Conner remained in this compromised position, enduring the repeated onslaught of German infantry which, at one point, advanced to within five yards of his position. As German infantry regrouped and began to mass in an overwhelming assault, Lieutenant Conner ordered friendly artillery to concentrate directly on his own position, having resolved to die if necessary to destroy the enemy advance. Ignoring the friendly artillery shells blanketing his position and exploding mere feet from him, Lieutenant Conner continued to direct artillery fire on the enemy assault swarming around him until the German attack was finally broken. By his heroism and disregard for his own life, Lieutenant Conner stopped the enemy advance. The artillery he expertly directed, while under constant enemy fire, killed approximately fifty German soldiers and wounded an estimated one hundred more, preventing what would have undoubtedly been heavy friendly casualties. His actions are in keeping with the highest traditions of military service and reflect great credit upon himself, the 3d Infantry Division, and the United States Army.
His Silver Star citations can be found here.
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